Your doctor may change the dose if needed. The amount of medicine that you take depends on the strength of the medicine. Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic School of Continuous Professional Development, Mayo Clinic School of Graduate Medical Education, Potassium Supplement (Oral Route, Parenteral Route). The usual dose is 1 to 3 mEq per kg (0.45 to 1.36 mEq per pound) of body weight taken in smaller doses during the day. 2012. Shattock MJ, Ottolia M, Bers DM, et al. Am J Med Sci. The most common strengths are: Eachmilliequivalent of potassium chloride contains 75 mg. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. Potassium citrate is a chemical combination of potassium and citric acid and is one of the most absorbable forms of the mineral 3. DOI: 10.3390/nu4122097. Barbara Delage, Ph.D. See the section on Drug interactions for a discussion of the medications that increase the risk of hyperkalemia. What is the difference between potassium gluconate and potassium citrate? Taking too much potassium can cause serious side effects like heart arrhythmias. Clin Nutr. Mayo Clinic on Incontinence - Mayo Clinic Press, NEW Mayo Clinic on High Blood Pressure - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic on Hearing and Balance - Mayo Clinic Press, FREE Mayo Clinic Diet Assessment - Mayo Clinic Press, Mayo Clinic Health Letter - FREE book - Mayo Clinic Press. As medications, potassium citrate and potassium It is also used to prevent kidney stones that may occur with Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. What Is Potassium? Magnesium is found in a wide variety of foods. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health Association between urinary sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure among adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2014. (PubMed). Sodium and potassium intake: effects on chronic disease outcomes and risks. (PubMed), 9. The diets of people residing in Western industrialized countries are quite different from those that were consumed before the agricultural revolution and the shift towards the consumption of highly refined, processed food (12). A clinical trial of the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure. Conductivity in water (piezo buzzer) Potassium Chromate NONE. (PubMed), 36. 33. Certain diseases or medications can cause potassium levels to drop to unsafe levels. J Hypertens. (PubMed). The best source of this mineral is fruits and vegetables. The usual dose is 2 to 3 mEq per kilogram (kg) (0.9 to 1.36 mEq per pound) of body weight a day, taken in smaller doses during the day. It is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. Ann Intern Med 1997;126:497-504. [Epub ahead of print]. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Halide lab. Potassium is a normal component of a regular, well rounded diet and is contained in many foods such as meats, fruits and vegetables. Ionic reactions. To learn more, please visit our. 2015;593(6):1361-1382. Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. Penicillins formulated as sodium salts also stimulate potassium excretion. I discuss this in more detail in the sections below. Effect of increased potassium intake on cardiovascular risk factors and disease: systematic review and meta-analyses. You can also connect with Dr. Brian Staiger on LinkedIn. US Food and Drug Administration. For these, please consult a doctor (virtually or in person). Formerly used in: Qualitative cation tests. However, potassium citrate therapy should only be initiated under the supervision of a medical provider. Several prospective cohort studies have also found an inverse association between potassium intake and risk of stroke. [Your name] is not affiliated or endorsed by the Linus Pauling Institute or Oregon State University. Potassium gives you energy. Penicillins: penicillin G sodium (Pfizerpen), mezlocillin (Mezlin), carbenicillin (Geocillin), ticarcillin (Ticar), Loop diuretics: bumetanide (Bumex), ethacrynic acid (Edecrin), furosemide (Lasix), torsemide (Demadex), Thiazide diuretics: Acetazolamide, thiazides, chlorthalidone (Hygroton), indapamide (Lozol), metolazone (Zaroxolyn), chlorothiazide (Diuril), fludrocortisone (Florinef), hydrocortisone (Cortef), cortisone (Cortone), prednisone (Deltasone), Substances with mineralocorticoid effects: licorice, carbenoxolone, gossypol. This content does not have an Arabic version. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Nutrients. However, insufficient dietary potassium in patients at risk of hypokalemia can precipitate hypokalemia (1). I have it on my medical What Is The Difference Between Potassium Chloride And Potassium Gluconate, HelloPharmacist Potassium comes in a few different forms, including potassium citrate and potassium gluconate. The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for potassium have been recently revised by the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) of the National Academy of Medicine. It is important to discuss your options with your doctor as there are a variety of factors that need to be taken into consideration in regards to regaining normal potassium levels. Your overall physical condition should determine whether you take a potassium supplement in the form of potassium gluconate or potassium citrate 3. (PubMed), 19. Food and Drug Administration. The large proportion of energy dedicated to maintaining sodium/potassium concentration gradients emphasizes the importance of this function in sustaining life. Available for Android and iOS devices. Other differences between the two include: Converting Potassium Chloride To Potassium Gluconate. Med Clin North Am. Meta-analyses have also reported a dose-response relationship between the intake of potassium and the lowering of blood pressure (42, 43). Nutrients. Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Human Nutrition. Licorice contains a compound (i.e., glycyrrhizic acid) with similar physiologic effects to those of aldosterone, a hormone that increases urinary excretion of potassium. Dietary treatment of urinary risk factors for renal stone formation. Potassium is an essential mineral found in various foods. email:[emailprotected], Chlorophyll and Metallo-Chlorophyll Derivatives, Healthcare Professional Continuing Education, 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm, Potassium Intake of the US Population: What We Eat In America, NHANES 2009-2010, https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=FDA-2012-N-1210-0875, https://naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com, Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), fosinopril (Monopril), ramipril (Altace), Losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), irbesartan (Avapro), candesartan (Atacand), Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, pentamidine, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID), spironolactone (Aldactone), triamterene (Dyrenium), amiloride (Midamor), amikacin (Amikin), gentamicin (Garamycin), kanamycin (Kantrex), tobramycin (Nebcyn), streptomycin, amphotericin B (Abelcet, Amphotec, AmBisome, Amphocin, Fungizone), fluconazole (Diflucan), albuterol (Salbutamol, Ventolin), bitolterol (Tornalate), metaproterenol (Alupent), methylxanthines (e.g., theophylline), sodium polystyrene sulfonate, sodium phosphates, caffeine, Potassium is considered to be a "nutrient of public health concern" according to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans since its underconsumption in the US population is associated with adverse health effects (. Aburto NJ, Hanson S, Gutierrez H, Hooper L, Elliott P, Cappuccio FP. What is the difference between Tylenol 500mg and 650 mg? Adv Nutr. More than half of the bodys magnesium is in the bones. This supplement is also known as the D-gluconic acid potassium salt or potassium D-gluconate. The information is made available with the understanding that the author and publisher are not providing medical, psychological, or nutritional counseling services on this site. Nutrients. Its used to replenish low blood potassium, to maintain normal levels, or to avoid potassium depletion during specific drug therapies and certain diseases. Improved mineral balance and skeletal metabolism in postmenopausal women treated with potassium bicarbonate. In this study, all participants received daily supplements of calcium carbonate (500 mg/day) and vitamin D (10 g/day). (PubMed), 20. Potassium is a normal component of a regular, well rounded diet and is contained in many foods such as meats, fruits and vegetables. Potassium and health. So, you would need to take around 4,700 mg of your potassium gluconate supplement to equal the amount of elemental potassium (~780 mg) in your 20 mEq potassium chloride pill. WebPotassium Citrate and Potassium Gluconate Versus Potassium Chloride: Experimental Evaluation of Relative Intestinal Toxicity | JAMA | JAMA Network IN LATE 1964 a sudden increase in the occurrence of circumferential ulcerating, stenosing lesions of the small bowel was noted both in Europe and the United Sta [Skip to Navigation] Potassium chloride is a form of potassium for people who have low levels of potassium, also known as hypokalemia. Video chat with a U.S. board-certified doctor 24/7 in a minute. (PubMed), 46. Feel free to send him an email at Hello@HelloPharmacist.com! Its used to replenish low blood potassium, to maintain normal levels, or to avoid potassium depletion during specific drug therapies and certain diseases. Front Physiol. 2014(12):Cd009217. Lancet. Potassium is an essential dietary mineral and electrolyte. Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but The most serious complication of hyperkalemia is the development of an abnormal heart rhythm (cardiac arrhythmia), which can lead to cardiac arrest (51). 2015;26(4):1311-8. doi:+10.1007/s00198-014-3006-9, Chatterjee R, Slentz C, Davenport CA, et al. Kong SH, Kim JH, Hong AR, Lee JH, Kim SW, Shin CS. BMJ. Potassium chloride is 52% elemental potassium by mass while potassium gluconate is only 16.7% elemental potassium by mass. Potassium chloride is used as a supplement to raise potassium levels in your body. 2. Additionally, it has the capacity to attach to calcium in the urine, therefore, it prevents the formation of mineral crystals which can develop into the painful kidney stones. This content does not have an English version. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27413123, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305343197, https://journals.lww.com/jbisrir/Fulltext/2011/09481/, Histrionic vs Borderline Personality Disorder Differences. Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, et al. Int J Cardiol. High Blood Pressure Facts. June 26, 2018. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/13344, https://www.cfsanappsexternal.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/index.cfm?set=FoodSubstances&id=POTASSIUMGLUCONATE, https://www.cfsanappsexternal.fda.gov/scripts/fdcc/index.cfm?set=FoodSubstances&id=POTASSIUMCITRATE, https://www.fda.gov/food/food-additives-petitions/food-additive-status-list, https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/019071s012lbl.pdf, Potassium Citrate Information for Consumers, Potassium Citrate Information for Healthcare Professionals, Renal tubular acidosis (when the kidneys do not properly remove acids from the blood), Kidney stones (crystal-like formations in the kidneys). Flame test. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. While increasing dietary intake of potassium may certainly work for some people, there are reasons why your doctor might prescribe potassium in addition. 307 Linus Pauling Science Center What Is the Difference Between Magnesium Glycinate and Magnesium Gluconate? doi: 10.5489/cuaj.4218. Learn how we can help In contrast, a two-year randomized controlled trial found that neither supplementation with potassium citrate (721 mg/day or 2,165 mg/day) nor an increase in fruit and vegetable intake (300 mg/day) had an impact on markers of bone turnover or increased BMD in postmenopausal women (30). Potassium citrate is unlikely to cause any side effects other than an increase in urine. Potassium and health. Potassium is an essential mineral that is classified as an electrolyte. Potassium gluconate may be an option for those looking to restrict chloride intake. For potassium gluconate and potassium chloride For oral dosage form (liquid for solution): To prevent potassium loss or replace potassium lost by the body: Granchi D, Caudarella R, Ripamonti C, et al. Some capsules may be opened and the contents sprinkled on applesauce or other soft food. Potassium is the 3rd most abundant mineral in the human body and is vital for the maintenance of acid-base balance as well as for the maintenance of normal whole-body and cellular fluid levels. The FNB found insufficient evidence from human studies that examined potassium intakes in relation to chronic disease and mortality (reviewed recently by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; 10) to inform the DRIs for potassium (11). Because of the potential for serious side effects, one should seek medical advice before deciding to use a potassium supplement (see Safety ). It is used when your urine is too acidic. Low dietary potassium intake alone does not generally result in hypokalemia. sodium polystyrene sulfonate (used to treat hyperkalemia); drugs for Parkinsons disease or movement abnormalities; drugs for bladder spasm, such as tolterodine and oxybutynin; eplerenone (a steroidal antimineralocorticoid of the spironolactone group); ammonium chloride (an acidifying agent which has diuretic and expectorant effects). For long-acting oral dosage form (extended-release capsules): Adults and teenagers40 to 100 milliequivalents (mEq) a day, divided into two or three smaller doses during the day. 1999;19(5):487-493. 2013;98(1):207-217. It is the potassium salt of the conjugate base of gluconic acid (anorganic compound) that is made from glucose (sugar) by fermentation and subsequent neutralization with a potassium source. Potassium chloride, as a prescription, is measured in mEq ormilliequivalents. Tomato juice has a high salt content. N Engl J Med 1993;328:833-8. Hyperkalemia can cause nausea, slower pulse and cardiac arrest if the heartbeat gets too slow or stops. When this medicine is not properly released, it can cause irritation that may lead to ulcers. Available at: https://www.regulations.gov/document?D=FDA-2012-N-1210-0875. Copyright: Merative US L.P. 1973, 2023. (PubMed), 40. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. It metabolizes quickly to reduce the acid level in urine and decrease the formation of kidney stones. Edamame. To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which Been taking potassium chloride for 4 yrs. ConsumerLab.com. I was tasked with comparing Advair, Breo and Trelegy. ChildrenDose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor. N Engl J Med. Potassium bicarbonate supplementation lowers bone turnover and calcium excretion in older men and women: a randomized dose-finding trial. However effective the DASH diet is, the blood pressure-lowering effects can hardly be solely attributed to potassium intakes (40). Potassium Intake of the US Population: What We Eat In America, NHANES 2009-2010. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Hyperkalemia may also result from a shift of intracellular potassium into the circulation, which may occur with the rupture of red blood cells (hemolysis) or tissue damage (e.g., trauma or severe burns). For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. However, currently there is insufficient evidence to establish a causal relationship between potassium intakes and the risk of these chronic conditions (10). Would you like email updates of new search results? Hoy MK, Goldman JD. The Linus Pauling Institute's Micronutrient Information Center provides scientific information on the health aspects of dietary factors and supplements, food, and beverages for the general public. Finally, many salt substitutes contain potassium chloride, and acesulfame potassium (Ace-K) is an FDA-approved general purpose sweetener. (PubMed), 15. Three large US prospective cohort studiesthe Health Professionals Follow-up Study and the Nurses Health Studies I and IIwhich included 193,676 participants, have examined dietary potassium intake and animal protein-to-potassium ratio (a marker of dietary acid load) in the diet in relation to the risk of developing kidney stones (21). Experimental evaluation of relative intestinal toxicity. US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. Potassium chloride is also better absorbed and is generally the potassium of choice to replace a potassium deficiency. Both may be used to. (PubMed), 35. (PubMed). privacy practices. 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Piezo buzzer ) potassium Chromate NONE Borderline Personality Disorder differences connect with Dr. Brian Staiger LinkedIn... Serious side effects other than an increase in urine MJ, Ottolia M, Bers DM, et al Engineering! Unsafe levels a chemical combination of potassium chloride is 52 % elemental by... The formation of kidney stones other than an increase in urine dedicated to maintaining sodium/potassium gradients!